The term "brachycephalism" applies to all breeds dog who "squashed". French Bulldog fall into this category, along with many other breeds, of which the most common are: Pug, Boston Terrier, Pekingese, Boxer, Shih Tzu, English Bulldog. Origin of the word "brachycephalism" is placed in Greek ("brachyus" = short, "cephalus" = head).Dogs were characterized as normal lower jaw in relation to the body, while the upper is flattened. When these breeds were created, was intended aesthetic achievement, but also were affected other features. Brachycephalic breed dogs show personality and intelligence as well as other races, but due to their special needs, owners need more knowledge and certainly more understanding. The biggest danger with these dogs is brachycephalism respiratory syndrome, which affects different areas of the tree respirator. Complications and difficulty breathing due brahicephalic syndrome:
Stenotic nostrils - Dogs brachycephalism nasal openings are sometimes very tight holes. If the condition is severe, it can intervene surgically enlarging them.
Elongation soft palate - Specifically there is no elongation in the case of soft tissue but shortening of the surface on which it is placed (or palate "mouth"). Because of this phenomenon, some folds are formed which separates the mouth from the nose. Thus breathing is significantly hampered (this is producing a specific sound), with all the complications that arise here (oxygenation failure, poor control of body temperature)Tracheal stenosis - trachea, compressed in turn, may suffer some sharp narrowing, standing in certain areas. This disease causes anesthesia to be quite risky, so for a dog breed French Bulldog chest radiography is mandatory before surgery.
Heat stress - For all obstructions to the airways that involves a type constitution brachycephalism French Bulldog is not breathing efficiency. A dog with a conventional conformation of the face is able to use their language very well end faster exhaust air from the lungs. Saliva vapors are quickly removed from the cooler and inhaled with his tongue. If the French Bulldog (as all dog breeds brachycephalism) is not efficient cooling and air returns to Earth, at a higher temperature, thus overheating the whole body, especially on exertion.Other threats:
Brachycephalism dogs are potential candidates for these dogs to cardiac attack .The capacity to inhale air is lower under normal conditions it is not a sufficient condition to cause trouble but owner must take care that such dog does not become overweight or not be exposed too long at high temperatures. The greatest danger is the hot days of midsummer.
Eye problems - With most of the nasal bones compacted, brachycephalism dogs have problems with eye placement. First, their eyes protruding, bulging and orbital arch is incomplete. This means that any blow to the head can lead to out of the orbit of one or both eyes, which required surgery.This can happen even when the master pulls on the leash very hard and suddenly. Sometimes eyelids fail to cover the entire eye and conjunctival or corneal irritation, and a lack of wetting of the latter, which leads to dry them in the central portion, unless there is a surgical correction. If we can not find this when the dog is awake, you can see very well when he sleeps (incomplete coverage of the eyeball with lids).
If you notice that your French Bulldog who always sleeps with his eyes closed incompletely should consult with a veterinarian about the need surgical correction of eyelids.Also, the problems caused by tears are very common in these breeds. No traces rarely see the eyes leaking tears made??. Unfortunately there is no solution in this case, even surgery.
Chronic irritation of the cornea may look like a pigmented area on the surface of the eye, especially near the nose. It is hard to be seen without a bright light in that area can be resolved surgically or not.
Teeth. Brachycephalism dogs have the same number of teeth as any other breed of dog (42 on average), but their attachment surface is significantly lower. Therefore distribution rather crowded teeth are placed under improper angles (sometimes back), favoring retention of food debris and occurrence of periodontal disease at much earlier ages than non-brachycephalism races. As they begin earlier use of products destined oral hygiene and regular brushing, the later will appeal to general anesthesia for tooth disease remedy.
Calving. Another problem is the difficulties encountered these breeds at birth, often making calls to the cesarean. For this reason, calving assistance is required. It is important to know that females who have tracheal stenosis should be excluded from breeding.
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